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The Battle of 2 de Abril was fought on April 2, 1867, in and around the city of Puebla, Puebla. It was one of the major military actions in the Franco-Mexican War between elements of the Mexican Army of the Republic commanded by General Porfirio Díaz and troops at the service of the Mexican Empire composed by Mexican imperialist soldiers. The campaign of Puebla includes the siege of Puebla, the battle of April 2 and the capture of the forts of Loreto and Guadalupe. The battle, also known as the ''Third Battle of Puebla'',〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Las 3 batallas de Puebla )〕 was the end of a siege on the city of Puebla, which started on March 9 of the same year. Despite being one of the major campaigns in the war of intervention, the number of casualties was low due to the decision of Porfirio Díaz to not execute all the prisoners and release most of them under a signed promise that they will not take up arms again against the republic.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Díaz Mori Porfirio )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Porfirio Díaz se muestra generoso con los prisioneros )〕 The capture of Puebla was a huge defeat for the imperialists and was decisive to the victory of the Republic.〔 == Background to battle == General Porfirio Díaz and the republican troops of Eastern Army under his command, began a siege on Puebla, capital city of the state of Puebla on March 9, 1866. Díaz built his headquarters on the hill of San Juan, same place where Marshal Elie Frédéric Forey established the own in the siege of Puebla in 1863. Díaz had no enough men and war materials to keep a long-term site. French (which leave definitely Mexico on March 11〔Jean Avenel, ''La campagne du Mexique (1862–1867)'', page 153, Economica, Paris, 1996, isbn=2-7178-3110-X,〕) and imperialists forces, with a similar number of soldiers, had an advantageous position, more guns and the forts of Loreto and Guadalupe. In order to reduce the advantage of the besieged, Díaz deployed his soldiers to capture the points that would allow him better control of the land. The Republicans captured one by one the streets of the suburbs, fighting house to house. In that confrontation, General Manuel González, got a bullet that shattered his elbow and was necessary the amputation of his right arm.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=El general Manuel González toma posesión como presidente constitucional )〕 On March 31, Díaz had an accident that almost cost him his life. The roof of a house collapsed and buried half of his body; when the Imperialists realized that, they shot him through the windows of the house. Finally, Díaz was rescued by Luis Teran.〔 Leonardo Márquez left Mexico City on March 30 with an army of 3840 men and 17 artillery pieces.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Díaz toma Puebla a los imperialistas. )〕 Díaz, knowing that Marquez was going to Puebla, realized he could not keep the site longer. He had four options: The first option was to end the siege of Puebla and retreat to the south in order to avoid a joint attack of Marquez and the defenders of the city. The second option was left the city and fight with Marquez before he reached Puebla, facing the possibility of be attacked by forces far superior to his at the front and rear. The third option was left the city and go to help in the siege of Querétaro, facing the same problem of the second option. Finally, the last option was attack and capture Puebla.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Third Battle of Puebla」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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